The new energy vehicle market continues to improve, and the field of motor controllers is heating up. KNM3 Series Moulded Case Circuit Breaker
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<br> <br> battery technology, motor drive and control technology, energy management and electric vehicle technology for the electric car four key technologies. The electronic control system is used to control components such as batteries and motors. Its functions include: battery management, engine and motor energy management. The electronic control system consists of subsystems such as control systems such as ECUs, sensors and other sensing systems, and driver intent identification. The material cost of the electronic control system is not high, but it takes a lot of trials to master the key algorithms. Especially the hybrid vehicle involves the control strategy of oil and electricity mixing, and the technical barriers are high.
As the power conversion unit connecting the battery and the motor in the new energy vehicle, the motor controller is the core of the motor drive and control system. It mainly includes the hardware part of the IGBT power semiconductor module and its associated circuit, as well as the software part of the motor control algorithm and logic protection.
The motor drive control system (including the drive motor and motor controller) is the main execution structure in the operation of new energy vehicles. The control and drive characteristics determine the main performance indicators of the vehicle. 
1. The electronic control module (ElectronicController) includes hardware circuits and corresponding control software. The hardware circuit mainly includes the microprocessor and its minimum system, the monitoring circuit for the state of the motor current, voltage, speed, temperature, etc., various hardware protection circuits, and the data interaction with the external control unit such as the vehicle controller and the battery management system. Communication circuit. The control software implements the corresponding control algorithm according to the characteristics of different types of motors.
2. The driver converts the control signal of the microcontroller to the motor to drive the driving signal of the power converter, and isolates the power signal and the control signal.
3. The power converter module (PowerConverter) controls the motor current. Power devices often used in electric vehicles include high-power transistors, gate turn-off thyristors, power FETs, insulated gate bipolar transistors, and smart power modules.
At present, electric motor controllers mostly use three-phase full-bridge voltage-type inverter circuit topology, and some products have pre-directional bidirectional DC/DC converters to increase the input AC voltage of the motor end, increase the output power at high speed, and reduce the motor. Design and production costs. In the conventional controller, the DC supporting capacitor is bulky and has poor high temperature resistance. In order to reduce the volume of DC supporting capacitors and even eliminate DC supporting capacitors, the new converter circuit topology and control method have become a new hotspot in electric vehicle application research, but it is still in the stage of practical exploration. At present, the research and development focus of converters for electric vehicles is still concentrated on power electronics integration.
Comprehensive technology and market trend analysis, in the future, the three technological development directions of automotive drive motor systems are permanent magnetization, digitization and integration.
1. Permanent magnetization means that the permanent magnet motor has the advantages of high power density and torque density, high efficiency and easy maintenance. At present, the trend of permanent magnetization of the motor is prominent. The data of the public consultation show that the permanent magnet synchronous motor has accounted for more than 90% of the new energy vehicles in China.
2. Digitization includes digitization of drive control, digitization of drive to CNC system interface, and digitization of measurement unit. The software replaces the hardware to the greatest extent, with other functions such as protection, fault monitoring, and self-diagnosis.
3, integration is mainly reflected in two aspects: 1) motor: motor and engine assembly, motor and gearbox assembly integration; 2) controller: power electronics assembly (power devices, drive, control, Integration of sensors, power supplies, etc.) In the future, the integration of motors, reducers and controllers is a trend that not only reduces the size, but also makes the products more standardized.
<br> <br> the next few years due to the market new energy vehicle market will continue to take a good market potential in this area will be gradually released, the motor controller market size will gradually increase. At present, the price of passenger car motor controller is generally 30,000 to 50,000 yuan, and the price of passenger car motor controller is generally 0.6 to 15,000 yuan. Through calculations, it is estimated that by 2020, the market size of domestic new energy vehicle motor controllers will exceed 15 billion yuan. (For detailed calculation, please refer to the “2016-2020 China New Energy Automobile Motor and Controller Market Investment Report†published by the public.
In the supply chain, the development of motor controllers includes software and hardware design. The core software is generally developed by the OEM, and the hardware and the underlying driver software can be selected by the auto parts manufacturer. China's controller hardware level has a certain gap with foreign countries, and the industrialization capacity is relatively insufficient. Most companies are more inclined to choose foreign vehicle controller hardware suppliers when they introduce mass-produced electric vehicle products. In addition, the controller's basic hardware, development tools, etc. basically rely on imports.
In terms of enterprise types, the current mainstream motor control enterprises are mainly divided into two categories: one is an electric vehicle manufacturer, and the electric vehicle motor controllers produced by them generally supply their entire vehicle products; the other is electric vehicle parts enterprises, which The electric motor controllers produced are generally supplied to specific or non-specific vehicle companies.
In the field of passenger vehicles, vehicle companies usually have strong comprehensive strength, usually independently research and develop production of electric vehicle motor controllers, or mainly based on independent research and development, supplemented by products of appropriate parts and components enterprises; in the field of passenger cars, Car companies usually have insufficient experience in motor controller research and development. Generally, they choose to purchase motor controllers for electric vehicles. A few large-scale vehicle companies will choose independent research and development or independent research and development.
Although there are differences in controller technology at home and abroad, starting from 2015, new energy vehicle product types are diversified, and the demand for different controllers is more abundant. In terms of quantity alone, China's electric motor motor controller market is currently dominated by domestic brands. Foreign-funded products account for a small share in the market cultivation and initial development stage due to its high price.
At present, foreign companies <br> <br> new energy vehicles with hybrid-based, using a permanent magnet synchronous motor and controller. Motor controller manufacturers mainly include Toyota, Honda, Hitachi, Bosch, Ford, General Motors, Mingdian Electric, Toshiba, UQM Motor, ACPROPULSION, ENOVA Motor, Freescale, MM and Yaskawa Electric.
In recent years, domestic enterprises have increased their investment in new energy vehicles and their core components. The development of motor controllers has rapidly evolved from technical research to product development. Some industrialized companies specializing in the research and development of automotive motor drive systems have emerged. Gradually formed an industrial chain that is conducive to improving product quality and reducing costs. The domestically supplied motor controllers are mainly supplied by Huichuan, Lanhai Huateng, Shanghai Electric Drive, Shanghai Dajun, Tianjin Songzheng, Shenzhen Wuzhoulong, and CSR Times.
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As the new energy vehicle market will continue to improve in the next few years, the market potential in this field will gradually be released, and the market size of the motor controller will gradually increase. Comprehensive technology and market trend analysis, in the future, the three technological development directions of automotive drive motor systems are permanent magnetization, digitization and integration. Generally speaking, the motor controller is mainly composed of the following parts: