With the widespread use of mobile internet and smart terminals, network hotspots and blind spots need flexible solutions to improve coverage. In view of the increasingly difficult base station location and the difficulty and cost of engineering construction, the miniaturization, low power consumption, controllability and intelligence of base station equipment have become a trend. In this regard, the industry chain unveiled a series of flexible and miniaturized base station equipment and technologies this year. For example, Shanghai Bell's lightRadio can decompose the base station into multiple components and distribute the functional modules in the antenna and cloud architecture network. , its pre-commercial products will soon be available; Nokia Siemens Networks FlexiRace is a revolutionary step on the miniaturized road, with a compact design, with more intelligent and expansion options, which can be used to build a new generation of active antennas And future miniature and ultra-miniature cells. In the second half of the year, LTE small base stations and antenna equipment have sprung up. The integrated LTE micro-station launched by ZTE has been commercialized internationally. Compared with traditional distributed base stations, the hardware cost of equipment will be reduced by half. Datang Mobile also launched an integrated small base station product integrating baseband and radio frequency for TD-LTE. Under the pressure of skyrocketing data services, the 2G/3G network built on demand has emerged as a miniaturized and low-cost base station concept a few years ago, but it was not popular for traditional telecom equipment vendors. First, the traditional telecommunication infrastructure is centralized central management, and equipment vendors provide ultra-large base station equipment and network bandwidth solutions to operators, which is also easier in network management. The miniaturization and low cost of base stations will not only improve the difficulty of network management, but also change the existing profit model. Now, the development of small base stations/home base stations driven by multiple factors has become overwhelming. Divided into different characteristics such as volume, transmission power, and application scenarios, the small/micro base station equipment is classified into Micro, Pico, and Femto. Feng Bin, technical director of the National Communication Antenna Business Department, told this reporter: These micro/small base stations enable operators to deploy new cells in dense urban areas with zero station sites. For example, Pico belongs to indoor cellular base stations for use in shopping malls and subway stations. In a closed public environment such as the airport; Femto is a residential-based cellular base station for 3G/3.5G/LTE network coverage within the home. Among them, the "mobile LAN" scenario is suitable for Pico deployment. According to the explanation of the manufacturers, the mobile LAN market is caused by lack of transmission resources or poor indoor coverage signals, such as the lack of transmission resources such as islands. For such mobile LANs, network equipment vendors have begun to introduce PicoBTS to access the mobile operator's core network through the user's broadband connection. It supports satellite transmission and is ideal for island coverage and ship coverage as well as emergency communications. It can also be used to build enterprises and campus-specific networks. This year, the number of 3GFemto base stations deployed in the world has exceeded 3G macro base stations. In China, China Unicom's "3G station" business based on Femto has been launched since the end of 2009, and has undergone trial commercialization in the past two years. China Mobile’s TDFemto pilot has also achieved results. From the end of last year to the present TDFemto pilot city has been further extended from Shanghai to Guangdong, Zhejiang and other four regions, in the pilot China Mobile also carried out TD-LTE & TDFemto dual-mode research. According to an engineer from Datang Mobile, one of the participating manufacturers, TDFamto has been put into commercial use after the pilot, and it can realize large-scale application in one year, but considering the overall operation, management, networking and evolution to TD-LTEFemto of TDFemto, operation The business is still developing an overall deployment plan. “Technology itself is no longer an obstacle to TDFemto scale applications.†According to Chinese mobile sources, some micro base station manufacturing processes, including TDFemto base stations, are limited by the industry scale. There is still a gap between the power consumption and heat dissipation design of the whole machine and the large-scale commercial standards, which needs to be improved as soon as possible. At the same time, the biggest difference between the micro base station and the traditional macro base station is the different backhaul mode. The professional transmission in the traditional macro base station network guarantees the end-to-end QoS, while the transmission of the AP and the gateway of the femto and other micro base stations is "best effort". Network, how to provide high reliability and high quality service quality assurance for voice and data is also worthy of further study. For the practical challenges of network deployment, Chinese people also mentioned that for the development of scale, micro base stations must solve the problems of dense deployment and mutual interference. In addition to supplementing and supplementing blindness on 2G/3G networks, operators have planned small/micro base station content, including small antennas, as a key device for LTE networks. ZTE's technical personnel explained that LTE demand must start from urban hotspots, and the coverage of hotspots in buildings is the most difficult. In this case, manufacturers and operators are cooperating to develop new coverage base stations, which require small size. Light weight can meet the requirements of fast and flexible deployment. On the other hand, it requires high power and low energy consumption. It can realize low-cost deployment and can recover the investment in the hot spot as soon as possible. Based on the above requirements, the deployment plan of miniaturized antennas and base stations in TD-LTE networks has received early attention from China Mobile Research Institute. According to Ma Xin of China Mobile Research Institute, densely populated urban areas are the key areas for LTE network coverage. Flexible antenna deployment is both a key requirement and the most difficult subject. To this end, China Mobile's joint industrial chain has jointly carried out innovations in miniaturized base station equipment including antennas, and is working hard to make these devices conform to broadband, multi-mode, and simplified (less cable connections, same tones, remote terminals). Requirements such as control and other technologies, high-gain miniaturization (for dense urban applications) and other requirements. "After testing, many manufacturers such as Tongyu, Leike, Jingxin, Mobi, etc. in the industry chain have been able to provide TDD small antennas and other related products."
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