After 100 lm/W of luminous efficiency, achieving about 130 lm/W has become the next goal of each manufacturer. Japan's New Energy Industry Technology Development Agency (NEDO) pointed out that this is because it will achieve "approximately 2 times the luminous efficiency of ordinary fluorescent lamps", and its luminaire efficiency is comparable to LED lighting. However, 130lm/W is not the end.
The luminous efficiency of organic EL illumination will be further improved, and compared with the efficiency of the lamps, organic EL illumination is expected to be the most luminous technology in all lighting technologies. Tian Yuansheng, a former technician of Eastman Kodak Company and now the founder and chief technology officer of Nanjing First O-Lite, pointed out: "The theoretical limit of white organic EL luminous efficiency is 248lm/W. It is similar to the 260lm/W of the white LED light source. That is to say, organic EL illumination may be the highest in terms of luminaire efficiency. The actual luminous efficiency is also expected to be close to 200 lm/W.
IHS Electronics & Media predicts that 200 lm/W organic EL lighting panels will be available in 2019. The US Department of Energy (DOE) also set 190 lm/W as the ultimate goal of organic EL lighting technology development. Although the organic EL material manufacturer U.S. Universal Display Technology (UDC) did not mention the specific implementation time, it said that "as the luminous efficiency of organic EL illumination, 180 lm / W is a more realistic goal." The efficiency improvement has been set high in succession, but the luminous efficiency of the currently supplied organic EL lighting panels has not yet been reached. Even from a global perspective, the highest value is only 60lm/W of LG Chemical. Among the domestic products in Japan, Konica Minolta Holdings' panel "Symfos" has the highest value of 45lm/W, and most other products are only about 30lm/W. The reason why the product has a huge gap with the future target value is because the recent breakthrough has made the luminous efficiency leap. In particular, the following three points have made great progress: (1) improving the light extraction efficiency from the light extraction layer; (2) improving the light extraction efficiency by suppressing surface plasmon resonance*; and (3) improving the efficiency of the blue light-emitting material.
*Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) = the phenomenon that light combines with the electrons on the metal surface to resonate in a longitudinal wave mode similar to sound waves. The light extraction efficiency of (1) and (2) refers to the ratio of photons that can be extracted outside the element among the photons generated inside the organic EL element. There are no components working on this point, only about 20% of the light emitted can be extracted to the outside. About 80% of the remaining is lost in the form of heat. Therefore, improvement in light extraction efficiency is an important issue in improving the luminous efficiency of organic EL illumination.
In the improvement of light extraction efficiency, Professor Kansei Megumi of Japan’s Kanazawa Institute of Technology released important technologies in 2009. The main content is that if a light extraction layer composed of a glass layer having a refractive index of up to about 2 and a microlens array is provided on the surface of the element, a good effect can be obtained. However, high refractive index glass has a large price problem. In 2012, Matsushita focused on the polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) resin, which is much lower in price than high-refractive-index glass, with a refractive index as high as 1.7-1.8. Also released at SID 2012, the addition of air between the microlens array disposed on the surface of the PEN film and the glass substrate can greatly improve light extraction efficiency.
With this technology, the light extraction efficiency is increased by about 2 times 42%. The organic EL illumination panel with a light-emitting area of ​​25 cm2 has a luminous efficiency of 87 lm/W, and the organic EL element of 1 cm2 reaches 101 lm/W. As a white-emitting and thin-shaped component, the world has exceeded 100 lm/W for the first time (Fig. 1(b)). 3). "The focus is on the large refractive index difference between the high refractive index PEN and the air with a refractive index of 1." Note 3) Matsushita is still at this SID 2012, the technical director of the Panasonic Core Technology Development Center and the Osaka University Distinguished Professor It is announced that by providing the same hemispherical light extraction layer as the LED, the light extraction efficiency of the organic EL element having a light-emitting area of ​​4 mm 2 is 62% or more, and luminous efficiency of up to 142 lm/W is achieved. Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. (AGC) also announced at SID 2009 and SID 2012 that it has developed a relatively inexpensive glass with high refractive index and light scattering function to improve light extraction efficiency. Released in 2009 is the technique of adding bubbles to the glass to scatter light. The technology released in 2012, the replacement of bubbles with difficult diameters by ceramic particles with a diameter of about 2 μm is added to the glass, thereby greatly reducing the dependence of the scattering effect on the wavelength 4). Note 4) Asahi Glass indicates that when the particle size of light scattering particles is as small as several hundred nm, "Rayleigh scattering" which can sufficiently scatter blue light is dominant, while when the particle size is about 2 μm, wavelength dependence is small. The "Mie scattering" will be enhanced. Regarding the price of glass, Asahi Glass said that it is "still in the research and development stage and is not open to the public", but may conduct business at a strategic price setting. A European glass manufacturer believes that "there are several organic EL component manufacturers in Europe that have intentionally used glass that is estimated to be light-scattering produced by Asahi Glass."
(This article is reproduced on the Internet. The texts and opinions expressed in this article have not been confirmed by this site, nor do they represent the position of Gaogong LED. Readers need to verify the relevant content by themselves.) 
Three Burner Gas Cooker
Table Top Cooker,Three Burner Gas Cooker,Ce Tempered Glass Gas Cookers,3 Burner Gas Stove With Ce
xunda science&technology group co.ltd , https://www.gasstove.be