Zeng Ming: direct purchase of electricity should not be only large users

On April 16th, Zeng Ming, Director of Energy and Power Economics Research Consultation Center of North China Electric Power University, said at the "Energy University Lecture" held jointly by Yingda Media and North China Electric Power University: "The direct sale of development companies and users should be fully implemented. "" Cannot be released only by large users. "

The trial of direct electricity trading is regarded as a major measure for China's reform of the power market. For direct electricity trading, relevant government departments have shown positive attitudes this year.

On January 14, at the National Energy Work Conference in 2014, Wu Xinxiong, director of the National Energy Administration, stated that in 2014, it will actively promote the direct exchange of electricity and the reform of electricity sales. On January 28, the "Key points of the National Energy Administration's Market Supervision in 2014" was issued, which clarified "to fully promote the direct trading of power users and power generation companies." Further improve the access and trading systems for direct trading between power users and power generation companies, and expand. The scope and scale of the transaction, "Strive to conduct direct transactions in most provinces across the country, the transaction power is not less than 3% of the total social power consumption, and select some provinces for in-depth pilot."

“The further promotion of direct trading by large users and the liberalization of the market for electricity sales have become the entry point for China’s current deepening of the reform of the power system. However, there are four problems with large-scale direct transaction.” According to Zeng Ming, first of all, major users’ direct transactions are objectively caused. Loss of state-owned assets. According to the data, taking the State Grid Corporation of China as an example, the transmission and distribution price standards in accordance with the provisions of document No. 20 of the Electricity Market [2009] are the revenue losses of the State Grid Corporation in 2012 of approximately RMB 630 million; if in six pilot provinces in 2013, All trials of 110 (66) kilowatts or more of large users will release the revenue of the State Grid Corporation of China, which will affect about 16.24 billion yuan, of which the impact on Jiangsu will reach 10.51 billion yuan. These losses will flow to private and other non-state-owned enterprises. .

Second, big users' direct transactions and state policies that limit the development of high-energy-consuming industries want to go against it. Zeng Ming said: “In the case of the State Grid Corporation of China, 13 of the direct-purchased pilot companies in 2012 were high-energy-consuming enterprises. Pilot users in Jilin, Liaoning, Anhui, and Fujian were high-energy-consuming enterprises. Electricity accounts for more than 90% of direct purchases."

Again, “The result of large-scale direct transaction pilots is in fact unfair competition.” Zeng Ming stated that the electricity users who participated in direct transactions reduced the cost of electricity while avoiding the social responsibility of undertaking cross-subsidies; The company provided annual power generation hours and squeezed the power generation rights of other power generation companies, which violated the principle of fair competition in the market economy.

Finally, direct transactions with large users are incompatible with existing regulations, policies, and pricing mechanisms. According to Zeng Ming, direct transactions have formed multiple power suppliers in the same region; market-based power generation costs cannot be effectively transmitted to the power-selling side; in addition, a large number of industrial users participate in direct transactions, and less cross-subsidy components will be undertaken by other companies. The commitment will seriously affect the balance between the quality of electricity in general services and the country’s social and economic results. "The State Grid Corporation of China, for example, estimates that the total amount of cross-subsidies received by residents and agricultural electricity in the country will be about 250 billion yuan in 2012. If the general tariff level is calculated, the price of residents and agricultural electricity will be pushed up by 0.43. Yuan/kWh," he said.

Then, why did the relevant departments still insist on conducting pilot purchases of direct purchases? For this, Zeng Ming believes that this is mainly because of the local government’s pursuit of GDP. The future of electrical reform, "should be a full release of the development of electricity companies and users of direct transactions." Zeng Ming said.

What needs special emphasis here is to fully relax, not just big users. Zeng Ming said: "You can't open the door only to large users. You should allow all users and power generation companies to determine the power and price through negotiation, concentration, or unified clearing according to their own wishes and needs. , The user side purchases electricity." For users who do not wish to participate in the transaction, he believes that the grid company should be the default supplier, purchase electricity from the power generation company according to the government approval price, and sell electricity to the user according to the directory price approved by the country. Universal electricity service. "As the development of market-oriented transactions matures, we can gradually reduce the government's plans to allocate electricity and expand the market for electricity."