"Event-driven" mechanism is an important technology in wireless sensor network deployment

If a worker wants to do something good, he must first sharpen his tools. In today's globalization, patents are not only a means of protection for innovation, but have become a weapon in the commercial battlefield. Mames Consulting has created a patent operation platform for MEMS, sensors and IoT, integrated intellectual property resources in the entire industry chain, and actively promoted the protection and effective use of intellectual property. With the development of energy harvesting technology and low-power electronic technology, the industry has proposed a variety of self-powered wireless sensor node Solutions. The "event-driven" mechanism is an important technology in the deployment of wireless sensor networks. The so-called event-driven means that the sensor is only woken up for data transmission when certain events (such as earthquakes, fires, temperature/humidity, etc. reach a certain threshold), and the low-power sleep state is maintained at other times. This mechanism is of great significance for the effective use of energy, extending the life of the sensor network, and reducing the cost of use.

In many "event-driven" situations, we only care about whether the monitored physical quantity reaches a threshold, such as whether the impact on the pipeline is sufficient to destroy its structure. In this context, continuous and accurate acceleration data is obviously redundant. To maintain accurate measurements, it requires more energy, which increases maintenance difficulty and cost, while the “event-driven” sensing mechanism can compress information and save. energy.

Taking the oil pipeline as an example, the “event-driven” energy harvester is installed on the pipeline. When the pipeline is not subjected to external influences, the collector has almost no output; when the external damage behavior causes a certain degree of vibration/shock on the pipeline, When a certain preset threshold is reached, the power generated by the collector is rapidly increased. The latter circuit only needs to detect that the power is accumulated to a certain extent, and an alarm signal can be sent through the RF transmitting circuit. This signal can be very simple, just contain the location information of the damaged pipe. In this mode of operation, the sensor and the energy harvester are integrated, and the circuit does not need to process the vibration frequency, amplitude and other information, and does not need to provide separate power supply for the sensor, which greatly simplifies the construction of the sensing node. By directly using the energy harvester to achieve "event-driven" power generation behavior, energy harvesting and sensing can be simultaneously performed on a single device, forming a novel self-powered sensing system integrating sensing/energy harvesting.

The figure above is a schematic diagram of the vibration mode of the two-stage vibrator of the energy harvester when the external vibration reaches or exceeds a preset threshold. The energy harvester includes: a first-stage vibrator for sensing external vibration, and a second-stage vibrator for generating electricity. Level vibrator. The upper and lower surfaces of the free end of the first stage are respectively fixed with a rectangular parallelepiped magnet and a rectangular parallelepiped mass. The upper end of the free end of the second stage vibrator is fixed with a rectangular parallelepiped magnet, and the upper surface of the fixed end of the second stage vibrator is sequentially bonded with the lower electrode, the piezoelectric film and the upper electrode. The vibration self-sensing energy harvester has a driving threshold, does not generate electricity when the environmental vibration amplitude is lower than the threshold, and converts the mechanical energy of the vibration into electrical energy only when the environmental vibration amplitude is higher than the threshold. The emitted alternating current is converted to direct current in the energy conversion and storage unit and stored. When the control circuit detects that the energy is accumulated to a certain extent, it controls the wireless transmitting circuit to power up and transmits an alarm/prompt signal to report the occurrence of the event.

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