The traditional cleaning industry has a variety of cleaning methods, mostly using chemical and mechanical methods for cleaning. Today, China's environmental protection regulations are becoming more stringent, and people's awareness of environmental protection and safety is increasing. The types of chemicals that can be used in industrial production cleaning will become less and less. How to find a cleaner, non-damaging cleaning method is a problem we have to consider. Laser cleaning has the characteristics of no grinding, non-contact, no heat effect and cleaning of objects suitable for various materials, and is considered to be the most reliable and effective solution. At the same time, laser cleaning can solve problems that cannot be solved by traditional cleaning methods. The physical principle of laser cleaning The laser beam is emitted from the contaminants absorbed on the surface layer to be treated. The absorption of large energy forms a rapidly expanding plasma (a highly ionized unstable gas) that generates a shock wave. The shock wave turns the contaminants into pieces and is rejected. Compared with traditional cleaning methods such as mechanical friction cleaning, chemical corrosion cleaning, liquid solid impact cleaning, high frequency ultrasonic cleaning, laser cleaning has five distinct advantages: Environmental advantages: Laser cleaning is a “green†cleaning method. No chemicals or cleaning liquids are needed. The wastes washed are basically solid powders. They are small in size, easy to store, recyclable, and have no photochemical reaction. It will cause pollution. Environmental pollution problems caused by chemical cleaning can be easily solved. 2. A blower can often solve the waste problem caused by cleaning. Advantages of the effect: The traditional cleaning method is often contact cleaning, which has mechanical force on the surface of the cleaning object. The surface of the damaged object or the cleaning medium adheres to the surface of the object to be cleaned, cannot be removed, and causes secondary pollution, no laser cleaning. Grinding and non-contact, no thermal effects do not damage the substrate, making these problems easy to solve. Control advantage: The laser can be transmitted through optical fiber, cooperate with the robot and the robot, and can easily realize long-distance operation. It can clean the parts that are difficult to reach by traditional methods. This can be used in some dangerous places to ensure the safety of personnel. Convenient advantage: Laser cleaning removes all types of contaminants from the surface of various materials to the level of cleanliness that cannot be achieved with conventional cleaning. It is also possible to selectively clean contaminants on the surface of the material without damaging the surface of the material. Cost advantage: laser cleaning speed is fast, high efficiency, saving time; although the laser cleaning system is purchased at a high level in the early stage, the cleaning system can be used stably for a long time, the running cost is low, and more importantly, the automatic operation can be conveniently realized. Cost calculation: a single cleaning efficiency of 8 square meters per hour running cost of about 5 degrees of electricity, that is, cleaning costs of 4 cents per square meter, in addition to the initial cost, the latter 4 cents per square meter. Introduction to the use of laser cleaning in various fields Laser cleaning technology is a new type of cleaning technology that has developed rapidly in the past 10 years. It has gradually replaced traditional cleaning processes in many fields with its own advantages and irreplaceability. Laser cleaning can be used not only to clean organic contaminants, but also to clean inorganic materials, including metal rust, metal particles, dust, etc. Here are some practical applications. These technologies are very mature and have been widely used. 1. Mold cleaning Every year, tire manufacturers around the world manufacture hundreds of millions of tires. The cleaning of tire molds must be fast and reliable during production to save downtime. Conventional cleaning methods include sand blasting, ultrasonic or carbon dioxide cleaning, but these methods usually have to be cooled in a hot mold for several hours, then moved to a cleaning device for cleaning, which takes a long time to clean and easily impairs the accuracy of the mold. Chemical solvents and noise can also cause safety and environmental issues. The laser cleaning method is very flexible in use because the laser can be transmitted by using an optical fiber; since the laser cleaning method can use optical fiber connection to clean the light guide to a dead angle of the mold or a portion that is difficult to remove, it is convenient to use; No gasification, so no toxic gases will be produced, which will affect the safety of the working environment. The technology of laser cleaning tire molds has been widely used in the tire industry in Europe and the United States. Although the initial investment cost is high, the benefits obtained by saving standby time, avoiding mold damage, working safety and saving raw materials can be quickly recovered. According to the cleaning test conducted by the UK's LASERLASTE laser cleaning system on the production line of Shanghai Shuangqian Heavy Duty Truck Co., the mold of a large truck tire can be cleaned online in just 2 hours. The economic benefits are obvious compared to conventional cleaning methods. 2. Weaponry cleaning Laser cleaning technology is widely used in weapon maintenance. The laser cleaning system can remove rust and contaminants efficiently and quickly, and can select the cleaning parts to realize the automation of cleaning. Laser cleaning is not only more clean than chemical cleaning, but also has no damage to the surface of the object. By setting different parameters, a dense oxide protective film or metal molten layer can be formed on the surface of the metal object to improve surface strength and corrosion resistance. The laser-cleared waste does not substantially pollute the environment, and can also be operated remotely, effectively reducing the health damage to the operator. 3. Aircraft old paint cleaning Laser cleaning systems in Europe have long been used in the aerospace industry. The surface of the aircraft must be repainted after a certain period of time, but the original old paint must be completely removed before painting. The traditional mechanical paint removal method is easy to cause damage to the metal surface of the aircraft, posing a hidden danger to safe flight. If multiple laser cleaning systems are used, the paint on the surface of an A320 Airbus can be completely removed within two days without damaging the metal surface. 4. Cleaning of building facades With the rapid development of China's economy, more and more skyscrapers have been built, and the cleaning problem of the exterior walls of the building has become increasingly prominent. The laser cleaning system provides a good solution to the cleaning of the external walls of buildings through optical fibers. It effectively cleans all kinds of pollutants on various stone, metal and glass, and is many times more efficient than conventional cleaning. It can also remove black spots and stains on various stone materials in buildings. 5. Cleaning in the electronics industry The electronics industry uses lasers to remove oxides: the electronics industry requires high-precision decontamination, and is particularly suitable for laser deoxidation. Before the board is soldered, the component pins must be completely de-oxidized to ensure optimal electrical contact, and the pins must not be damaged during the decontamination process. Laser cleaning meets the requirements of use and is highly efficient, requiring only one laser to be applied to one pin. 6. Precision deesterification cleaning in the precision instrument industry The precision machinery industry often needs to remove the esters and mineral oils used to lubricate and resist corrosion on the parts, usually by chemical methods, while chemical cleaning often has residues. Laser deesterification removes esters and mineral oil completely without damaging the surface of the part. The removal of contaminants is done by shock waves, and the thin gas layer of the surface of the part is explosively vaporized to form a shock wave, which leads to the removal of dirt rather than mechanical interaction. The material is completely de-esterified for the cleaning of mechanical parts in the aerospace industry. Oil ester removal in mechanical part processing can also be done by laser cleaning. 7. Pipe cleaning in nuclear power plant reactor The laser cleaning system is also used for cleaning pipelines in nuclear power plant reactors. It uses optical fiber to introduce high-power laser beam into the reactor to directly remove radioactive dust, and the cleaned material is easy to clean. And because it is operated remotely, it can ensure the safety of the staff. In summary, laser cleaning plays an important role in many fields, and in automotive manufacturing, semiconductor wafer cleaning, precision parts processing, military equipment cleaning, building exterior cleaning, heritage protection, circuit board cleaning, precision parts. Processing, manufacturing of liquid crystal displays, and removal of chewing gum can play an important role. Laser cleaning in the application of national defense military equipment: such as various aircraft stripping and derusting, various ship equipment, various weapons and equipment derusting, various tank artillery derusting, various parts rust removal, etc., a broad prospect The development trend has great potential. In particular, laser cleaning has obvious advantages such as environmental protection, convenience, safety, and low-cost use. It is a new, efficient and safe process technology. 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